Bryn Awel (Do it yourself) Sendiri Buat La..

n900 linux - How Do I Create Linux Files and Directories in n900?

2010-04-03T14:29:00.000-07:00

1. Command line how to create an empty file in linux,
$ cat > new.file

This creates a new multiline file(similar to the DOS type command):

example:
$ cat > move-to-opt.sh
#!/bin/sh
# Nokia N900 Maemo 5 Script to free up space on rootfs
# ignoring errors when creating dirs that may already exist

# Moving ?? icons to /home/opt
mkdir -p /home/opt/usr/share/icons 2> /dev/null
cp -r /usr/share/icons/* /home/opt/usr/share/icons
rm -r /usr/share/icons
ln -s /home/opt/usr/share/icons /usr/share/icons

# Moving video on start-up to /home/opt
mkdir -p /home/opt/usr/share/hildon-welcome 2> /dev/null
cp -r /usr/share/hildon-welcome/* /home/opt/usr/share/hildon-welcome
rm -r /usr/share/hildon-welcome
ln -s /home/opt/usr/share/hildon-welcome /usr/share/hildon-welcome

# ??
mkdir -p /home/opt/usr/share/pixmaps 2> /dev/null
cp -r /usr/share/pixmaps/* /home/opt/usr/share/pixmaps
rm -r /usr/share/pixmaps
ln -s /home/opt/usr/share/pixmaps /usr/share/pixmaps

# Moving 'apt cache' to /home/opt - Valid until Bug 5746 is fixed.
mkdir -p /home/opt/var/cache/apt 2> /dev/null
cp -r /var/cache/apt/* /home/opt/var/cache/apt
rm -r /var/cache/apt
ln -s /home/opt/var/cache/apt /var/cache/apt

# Moving locales Source
mv /usr/share/locale /opt
ln -s /opt/locale /usr/share/locale

^D

***Nokia N900 Maemo 5 Script to free up space on rootfs

This script will move some unnecessary files on rootfs to /home/opt/ to free up space on rootfs.

2. Creating Directory
$ mkdir myNotes

***This creates a new directory named myNotes in the current directory, into which you can move all those tips for easy retrieval.

It's all about Ford Focus Zetec 2000.

2010-02-18T03:36:00.000-08:00

I'm just to simplify what I surfed from the website to help Zetec owner to save money before you go to workshop.

Where is and how do you replace the heater blower motor in 2000 Ford Focus?

Answer

It is directly below the glove box or just above where your toes would be if you were seated in the front passenger seat.

To remove it you will need to remove the:

* three screws that hold in the bottom of the glovebox
NOTE: empty the glovebox FIRST

* three fasteners that hold in the black cover below the glovebox.

* three screws on the bottom of the blower motor.

* Remove the wiring connection.

You have totally removed the blower motor. I just replaced mine this evening. Not too hard at all.

== Answer == Right hand dash area, behind the glove box, or just above the passenger's foot area, however you want to look at it.

How do you know if a Blower motor ford focus is broken?

Answer

Connect the blower motor directly to 12 volts DC. If it runs it is good.

Useful links:

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Where_is_and_how_do_you_replace_the_heater_blower_motor_in_2000_Ford_Focus

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_do_you_know_if_a_Blower_motor_ford_focus_is_broken

http://passionford.com/forum/technical-help-q-and-a/194505-ford-focus-aircon-fan-problem.html

http://www.justanswer.com/questions/2qf9o-my-ac-and-heater-blower-on-my-2000-ford-focus-se-not-working

How is the blower motor switch on a 2000 Ford Focus accessed?

2010-02-15T12:57:00.001-08:00

Answer

I discovered with some online research and a call to a friend that it probably involves pulling out the radio and reaching behind. Does anyone know this to be true, and/or is there more information which would be helpful?
Answer

Here's what I had to do:
1) I checked all fuses having to do with heating and cooling. There is one or two in the engine compartment, and #58 under the instrument panel. All were good.
2) Because the AC light, and the blower were both not working, but the recirculating air and rear defrost functions were working, and I was getting hot air through the ducts (just not forced), everything pointed me to the blower switch on the control panel.
3) To see it / change it, I had to do the following...
A) Buy a radio "DIN" removal tool at the local Pep Boys / Autozone type store. It was $5.99. This tool is two, U shaped pieces of steel. You slide each one into a side of the radio where the small square holes are. When they seat all the way in, pull each one away from the radio and slide the radio forward. It comes right out far enough that you can then unhook the antenna, and (I had) three plastic connectors.
B) With a 9/32" nut driver, or straight handle socket, remove the four sheet metal screws which were hidden by the radio frame. No big deal.
C) Pull outward on the "bezel" -- the decorative frame which holds the ashtray, lighter, AC, and hazard light. Just when you think you're pulling too hard, it will pop off of the plastic pieces which hold it down. The same type of plastic bits that hold on some door panels if you've ever had to deal with a window or lock repair.
D) I had to unhook the lighter and pull the ashtray out to get enough clearance and get at the one phillips screw holding the blower switch in place. Pull the knob off the front of the panel, take out the screw, twist the back of the switch about 20 degrees and it will fall out in your hand. Unclip the wiring and you're ready to put in the new one.
4) The Motorcraft replacement part ran about $13.50 at the corner dealership, and it was in stock.
Comment on Answer

Gary's answer above is exactly right and saved me lots of time and money. I would advise doing what Gary suggests first. My addition is: When you buy the switch shop around the dealerships til you find the right price. Ford dealer #1 quoted 58.00 for the switch. Ford dealer #2 quoted 45.00 and Lincoln Mercury dealer #3 quoted 13.58. Same Motorcraft part #.
Secondly: If it turns out you have to take out the glove box to check the blower motor you might as well check/replace the resistor at the same time. Cost is about 17.00 and they do fail. It is located to the left of the blower housing on the firewall.
And thanks Gary, great answer on the switch.
Comment on Answer

I have a follow up for this. I had the same problem in a 2002 Ford Focus, which is the same thing, where the blower motor only worked with the switch all the way up at number four AND the A/C only ran on settings 1-3. This seemed to be a blower motor switch to me, too, but when I replaced it I continued to have the exact same problem. Any suggestions? Thanks
If the fan only works on #4 and not at all on #1 #2 or #3 then you need to replace the resistor behind the glove box. If the fan works on ANY of #1,#2, or #3 then your switch in the dash is bad. When the resistor goes, it always begins by #1 then #2 then #3 all going out in sequesnce or they all stop working at the same time. $ still works because it uses the least amount of resistance. The resistor itself uses heat as the resistor so the more resistance it has the hotter it gets. That is why #1 usually goes first.
To get it off you need to remove the golve box. Once you pull out the glove box (held by 3 screws) you will see the big black housing for the blower motor. If you look to the right of the motor housing you will see a plastic plate that appears to be 1.5 inches wide and 2 to 3 inches tall, It is white on my 2000 Focus SE. One phillips screw on the bottom edge holds it in. Take out the screw, pull out the resistor and disconnect the wiring plug on it. Take it in to your local parts shop and ask for another blower fan resistor like the one you have and give them the make model and year of your car. Once you have the new one you can install it by doing the exact reverse of how you got it out.

On my 2000 focus my blower only worked at high speed. I did some research and found the resistor pack is almost always at fault. Mine was located behind the glove box and is mounted to the firewall at the extreme left. It was white about 2" by 3" with 4 wires going to it. I used a Phillips screwdriver and removed the one screw and inspected it with an ohm meter and found that the small thermal fuse was bad. It is about 1/4" in diameter and 1/2" long and bullet shaped. I took some 16 ga. stranded wire, doubled it and shorted the thermal fuse out and soldered it. Now my blower works perfect. The t-fuse could be replaced but I didn't have a good spare. Besides it was spot welded on and to do it right it must be spot welded. These things are the reason a lot of home appliances go bad, heaters toasters etc. You can replace them and the appliances will work perfectly.

How is the blower motor switch on a 2000 Ford Focus accessed?

2010-02-15T12:57:00.000-08:00

[url]:
Answer

I discovered with some online research and a call to a friend that it probably involves pulling out the radio and reaching behind. Does anyone know this to be true, and/or is there more information which would be helpful?
Answer

Here's what I had to do:
1) I checked all fuses having to do with heating and cooling. There is one or two in the engine compartment, and #58 under the instrument panel. All were good.
2) Because the AC light, and the blower were both not working, but the recirculating air and rear defrost functions were working, and I was getting hot air through the ducts (just not forced), everything pointed me to the blower switch on the control panel.
3) To see it / change it, I had to do the following...
A) Buy a radio "DIN" removal tool at the local Pep Boys / Autozone type store. It was $5.99. This tool is two, U shaped pieces of steel. You slide each one into a side of the radio where the small square holes are. When they seat all the way in, pull each one away from the radio and slide the radio forward. It comes right out far enough that you can then unhook the antenna, and (I had) three plastic connectors.
B) With a 9/32" nut driver, or straight handle socket, remove the four sheet metal screws which were hidden by the radio frame. No big deal.
C) Pull outward on the "bezel" -- the decorative frame which holds the ashtray, lighter, AC, and hazard light. Just when you think you're pulling too hard, it will pop off of the plastic pieces which hold it down. The same type of plastic bits that hold on some door panels if you've ever had to deal with a window or lock repair.
D) I had to unhook the lighter and pull the ashtray out to get enough clearance and get at the one phillips screw holding the blower switch in place. Pull the knob off the front of the panel, take out the screw, twist the back of the switch about 20 degrees and it will fall out in your hand. Unclip the wiring and you're ready to put in the new one.
4) The Motorcraft replacement part ran about $13.50 at the corner dealership, and it was in stock.
Comment on Answer

Gary's answer above is exactly right and saved me lots of time and money. I would advise doing what Gary suggests first. My addition is: When you buy the switch shop around the dealerships til you find the right price. Ford dealer #1 quoted 58.00 for the switch. Ford dealer #2 quoted 45.00 and Lincoln Mercury dealer #3 quoted 13.58. Same Motorcraft part #.
Secondly: If it turns out you have to take out the glove box to check the blower motor you might as well check/replace the resistor at the same time. Cost is about 17.00 and they do fail. It is located to the left of the blower housing on the firewall.
And thanks Gary, great answer on the switch.
Comment on Answer

I have a follow up for this. I had the same problem in a 2002 Ford Focus, which is the same thing, where the blower motor only worked with the switch all the way up at number four AND the A/C only ran on settings 1-3. This seemed to be a blower motor switch to me, too, but when I replaced it I continued to have the exact same problem. Any suggestions? Thanks
If the fan only works on #4 and not at all on #1 #2 or #3 then you need to replace the resistor behind the glove box. If the fan works on ANY of #1,#2, or #3 then your switch in the dash is bad. When the resistor goes, it always begins by #1 then #2 then #3 all going out in sequesnce or they all stop working at the same time. $ still works because it uses the least amount of resistance. The resistor itself uses heat as the resistor so the more resistance it has the hotter it gets. That is why #1 usually goes first.
To get it off you need to remove the golve box. Once you pull out the glove box (held by 3 screws) you will see the big black housing for the blower motor. If you look to the right of the motor housing you will see a plastic plate that appears to be 1.5 inches wide and 2 to 3 inches tall, It is white on my 2000 Focus SE. One phillips screw on the bottom edge holds it in. Take out the screw, pull out the resistor and disconnect the wiring plug on it. Take it in to your local parts shop and ask for another blower fan resistor like the one you have and give them the make model and year of your car. Once you have the new one you can install it by doing the exact reverse of how you got it out.

On my 2000 focus my blower only worked at high speed. I did some research and found the resistor pack is almost always at fault. Mine was located behind the glove box and is mounted to the firewall at the extreme left. It was white about 2" by 3" with 4 wires going to it. I used a Phillips screwdriver and removed the one screw and inspected it with an ohm meter and found that the small thermal fuse was bad. It is about 1/4" in diameter and 1/2" long and bullet shaped. I took some 16 ga. stranded wire, doubled it and shorted the thermal fuse out and soldered it. Now my blower works perfect. The t-fuse could be replaced but I didn't have a good spare. Besides it was spot welded on and to do it right it must be spot welded. These things are the reason a lot of home appliances go bad, heaters toasters etc. You can replace them and the appliances will work perfectly.

kalendar hijrah

2009-11-24T02:49:00.000-08:00

Software framework

2009-07-11T15:46:00.000-07:00

Software framework
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

A software framework, in computer programming, is an abstraction in which common code providing generic functionality can be selectively overridden or specialized by user code providing specific functionality. Frameworks are similar to software libraries in that they are reusable abstractions of code wrapped in a well-defined API.

Software frameworks have these distinguishing features that separates them from libraries or normal user applications:

1. inversion of control - Unlike libraries or normal user applications, in a framework the overall program's flow of control is not dictated by the caller, but by the framework.[1]

2. default behavior - A framework has a default behavior. This default behavior must actually be some useful behavior and not a series of no-ops.

3. extensibility - A framework can be extended by the user usually by selective overriding or specialized by user code providing specific functionality

4. non-modifiable framework code - The framework code, in general, is not allowed to be modified. Users can extended the framework, but not modify its code.

List of general-purpose frameworks

* BFC is a RAD framework for developing database-centric distributed computing applications in a .NET environment.
* CNI (Compiled Native Interface) is a software framework for the GNU GCJ compiler which allows Java code to call and be called by native applications (programs specific to a hardware and operating system platform) and libraries written in C++.
* Component-based Scalable Logical Architecture (CSLA) is a standard way to create robust object oriented programs using business objects, implemented using .NET.
* Habanero.NET (Habanero) is an Open Source Enterprise Application framework for creating Enterprise applications using the principles of Domain-driven design and implemented in .NET.
* Java Native Interface (JNI) allows Java code running in the Java virtual machine (VM) to call and be called by native applications (programs specific to a hardware and operating system platform) and libraries written in other languages, such as C, C++ and assembly.
* Leonardi is an open source application framework for GUI applications.
* ActionScript Foundry is an open source Flex framework written in ActionScript 3 and Java.
* Spring is an open source application framework for the Java platform.
* JSF is an open source application framework for the Java platform, which uses component based and event-driven approach for rapid application development.
* Symfony is a popular open source application framework for PHP Platform.
* CodeIgniter is a popular open source application framework for PHP Platform.
* Rails is a Free Software application framework for the Ruby Platform.
* Zend Framework is a powerful and extensible application framework, with a loosely-coupled component library for PHP Platform.
* Twisted is an open source event-driven application framework written in Python for developing Internet applications.
* Google Web Toolkit (GWT) is an open source Java software development framework.
* TrueView for .NET: A RAD framework for developing business applications using domain driven design and the naked objects pattern.

Apache Struts

Apache Struts is an open-source web application framework for developing Java EE web applications. It uses and extends the Java Servlet API to encourage developers to adopt a model-view-controller (MVC) architecture. It was originally created by Craig McClanahan and donated to the Apache Foundation in May, 2000. Formerly located under the Apache Jakarta Project and known as Jakarta Struts, it became a top level Apache project in 2005.

Struts2 is the rebranding of WebWork under the Apache Struts make.

Apache HTTP Server

2009-07-11T13:04:00.000-07:00

The Apache HTTP Server, commonly referred to as Apache (pronounced /əˈpætʃiː/), is a web server notable for playing a key role in the initial growth of the World Wide Web and in 2009 became the first web server to surpass the 100 million web site milestone [2]. Apache was the first viable alternative to the Netscape Communications Corporation web server (currently known as Sun Java System Web Server), and has since evolved to rival other Unix-based web servers in terms of functionality and performance. The majority of all web servers using Apache are Linux web servers.

Apache is developed and maintained by an open community of developers under the auspices of the Apache Software Foundation. The application is available for a wide variety of operating systems, including Unix, GNU, FreeBSD, Linux, Solaris, Novell NetWare, Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, OS/2, TPF, and eComStation. Released under the Apache License, Apache is characterized as free and open source software.

Since April 1996 Apache has been the most popular HTTP server on the World Wide Web. As of March 2009[update] Apache served over 46% of all websites and over 66% of the million busiest.[3]

Apache Tomcat
Apache Tomcat is a servlet container developed by the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). Tomcat implements the Java Servlet and the JavaServer Pages (JSP) specifications from Sun Microsystems, and provides a "pure Java" HTTP web server environment for Java code to run.

Tomcat should not be confused with the Apache web server, which is a C implementation of an HTTP web server; these two web servers are not bundled together. Apache Tomcat includes tools for configuration and management, but can also be configured by editing XML configuration files.

Auction Sniper

2009-02-15T15:13:00.000-08:00

Auction Sniper
I found a site on the internet called EZ sniper. It places your eBay bid in the last seconds of the auction so you aren't outbid. This is called sniping and it really improves your chances of winning. If you want to check it out go to http://www.ezsniper.com/?refuser=padzley They even offer a free trial, so there is nothing to lose.

watch adi putra video on channel 4

2009-01-30T10:17:00.000-08:00

In Malaysia Mark discovers a nine-year-old maths mastermind, Adi Putra, who also seems to have a canny business sense as CEO of his own company selling brain food.

what a shame..

Adi putra is a marketing phenomenon

2009-01-30T09:59:00.000-08:00

By Sian Brewis

It must be a hard old life, being a child genius. At least, it is if you’re Adora Svitak, a 10-year-old with a schedule on her wall that would probably give Obama’s to-do list a run for its money.

Here she is with her mum, off to school. Except she’s the teacher, taking a poetry class for eight-year-olds.

American Adora – whose website logo is not crippled by a lack of modesty: “writer, poet and humanitarian” – also discusses the Dow Jones index at teatime, pitches to Microsoft and has knocked out 300 short stories. It’s exhausting just to watch.

Little wonder, then, that she feels her childhood is long behind her. Throughout The World’s Cleverest Child…And Me (C4, 10pm) she refers to “when I was a kid” as if childhood is something of which she has only the vaguest memory.
Click here!

It doesn’t look much fun. Suspiciously like work, in fact. “This is enjoyable to me,” she tells host Mark Dolan, when he suggests she may fancy a day off.

Mind you, with appearance fees of $10,000 and $300 for each teaching gig, I’d give the playground a miss too.

It may sound harsh, but I found myself idly wondering what she’ll be like in a few years’ time, when she discovers boys, booze and bands. Will it pass her by? Or will she spiral off into the mother of all teenage rebellions?

Over in Malaysia, there was maths genius Adi Putra, nine. He, too, is a marketing phenomenon – T-shirts, brain food pills and TV adverts: “I’m clever, I’m intelligent, I’m cute”.

He can also speak eight languages. Two are American English and UK English. “So, he can say I like your pants to an American, and I like your trousers in England?” observes Mark.

Useful stuff.

He may be a sums whizz, but some of his other talents, like telling the future, are less convincing. Can you predict something? “Well,” he says slowly. “We’ll all die.”

And there’s precious little fun from the latest mensa moppet, Ainan. Given a Rubik’s Cube as a pressie, he says: “Ah, a permutation toy.” Child geniuses are definitely a different breed.

Fascinating film, quite why Mark Dolan’s giving himself such a pat on the back with the “….and me” moniker is anyone’s guess.

The World’s Cleverest Child and Me;

2009-01-30T09:56:00.000-08:00

t’s hard to say when Adora Svitak became a fully-fledged prodigy, but she published her first best-selling book at 7. Now 10, she is a one-girl brain-busting industry, broadcasting on the internet and fluently hawking her wares around multinationals. It was impressive but creepy and you didn’t envy the comedian Mark Dolan, who presented The World’s Cleverest Child and Me, as he tried to uncover what really made these high-achieving children who they were — nature or intensive nurture?

Dolan initially set his dry mockery level at low, but Adora’s plain-faced honest responses disarmed him. He was forced to take her seriously. So when he asked her whether she emulated Charles Dickens or J. K. Rowling she replied Dickens, “even though he does write kind of convoluted sentences, I do admire his work”. We saw her teaching a class of fellow 10-year-olds, with all the polish of an adult speaker.

Indeed, she prefaced one sentence with “When I was a kid . . .” and Dolan asked her if she didn’t feel she was one; well, she said, she tended to preface sentences like that. When she went to Microsoft to deliver another brilliant presentation about why she would be an asset as a speaker, one of the Microsoft bods joshed with her, as an adult might, “Do you want my job?”. Nervous laughter. Adora: “Yes, I am looking for a job at Microsoft.”

We also saw her schedule, which was filled from early in the morning to late at night and included such enticing slots as “8-9 — Math with Dad”. She went to bed at around 11pm. The only thing that gave her away was a girlish laugh that attached itself to the end of sentences. Far odder was Adi Putera, an eight-year-old boy from Kuala Lumpur, who was apparently a whizz at maths. Dolan found Adi’s face on posters and bottles of pills claiming to enhance one’s brain potential. The young boy drew up a complicated multiplication chart which Dolan admitted to being flummoxed by.

He wasn’t entirely convinced by Adi’s brilliance either, which isn’t surprising as Adi answered almost every inquiry about where his ideas and insight come from with “I can’t remember” or “In a dream”. What does he think will happen in the future? “One day we will all be dead,” answered Adi — one of those answers which covers it all, really.

Ainan, in Singapore, was apparently (then 7) the youngest person ever to have got a chemistry O level. Now he’s 8 and seemed more interested in playing computer games than in talking to Dolan about the wellspring of his intelligence. There was a wonderful moment when Dolan presented him with a Rubik’s Cube (a very modern, complicated version) and Ainan called it a “permutation toy”.

His father Valentine was a constant presence and Dolan wondered how much of all these children’s exceptional skills were down to parental hot-housing rather than innate talent. He didn’t really reach a conclusion, although one had to agree with Valentine’s contention that a special talent should be celebrated rather than the child be taught to conform.

The real issue was could a child balance having a regular childhood while possessing their special talent; how did they feel about marketing their talents? Dolan was too gentle an inquisitor to investigate that. Perhaps he was just feeling inadequate, faced with this onslaught of money- generating pre-teen brilliance. Chung, Ainan’s 19-year-old lab partner at the polytechnic he attends, said the young lad was better than all of his fellow students

RAM/memory: Low density vs High density

2008-11-17T08:24:00.000-08:00

How to tell if your 1GB module is a low or high density module?

* All low density 1GB modules are made with 16 chips (8 chips on each side) using 64Mx8 device.
* All high density 1GB modules are made with 16 chips (8 chips on each side) using 128Mx4 device.

How to tell if your 512MB module is a low or high density module?

* All low density 512MB modules are made with 16 chips (8 chips on each side) using 32Mx8 device.
* Some low density 512MB modules are made with 16 chips (8 chips on each side) using 16Mx16 device.
* All high density 512MB modules are made with 8 chips (8 chips on one side with the other side blank OR 4 chips on each side) using 64Mx8 OR 32Mx16 device.

How to tell if your 256MB module is a low or high density module?

* All low density 256MB modules are made with 16 chips (8 chips on each side) using 16Mx8 device.
* Most high density 256MB modules are made with 8 chips (8 chips on one side with the other side blank OR 4 chips on each side) using 32Mx8 device.
* Some high density 256MB modules are made with 8 chips (4 chips on each side) using 16Mx16 device.
* Some even higher density 256MB modules are made with 4 chips (4 chips on one side with the other side blank OR 2 chips on each side) using 32Mx16 device.

How To: Update Firmware, Debranding, and/or Change Language Pack on the Nokia N95

2008-11-02T14:33:00.000-08:00

[ref:url]

Updating your Nokia N95 to the latest firmware, debranding, and/or changing the language pack is similar to the guide I wrote earlier on updating to Nokia N73 Music Edition. If you are a new Nokia N95 owner, this might be helpful to you, especially those with missing features.

Download and install: Nemesis Service Suite and the latest Nokia Software Update.

1. Connect your phone and wait for Windows to install the drivers.
2. Open Nemesis Service Suite and click “Scan for new device” on the right-upper part of the window
3. Click on the icon “Phone info”
4. Click on “Scan”
5. Change the product code to the one you want from the list below.
6. Mark the case “Enable”.
7. Press “Write”, and your phone’s product code will be changed (you might think that nothing happened, because the phone is still in normal mode, and the changing of the product code only takes a couple of seconds, but don’t worry, the product code changed !).
8. Close Nemesis Service Suite and run the Nokia Software Update.
9. Make sure not to touch the cable or the phone while your phone is updating or else you will break it!
10. That’s it! When you restart your phone, it should now be upgraded!

Product Codes

Europe
0534841 EURO1 - Sand
0534842 FRANCE
0534843 ALPS
0534844 EURO2
0534845 TURKEY
0534847 SCANDINAVIA
0534848 BALTIAN
0534849 RUSSIAN
0534850 UKRAINE
0534851 CIS, Bulgaria
0534852 EURO3
0534853 BALKANS
0534854 GREECE, CYPROS
0534857 ISRAEL
0536058 BELARUS/MOLDOVA
0534833 SINGAPORE

0536062 EURO1 - Plum
0536063 FRANCE
0536064 ALPS
0536065 EURO2
0536066 TURKEY
0536068 SCANDINAVIA
0536069 BALTIAN
0536070 RUSSIAN
0536071 UKRAINE
0536072 CIS, Bulgaria
0536073 BELARUS/MOLDOVA
0536074 EURO3
0536075 BALKANS
0536076 GREECE, CYPROS
0536079 ISRAEL

Asia
0534832: Hong Kong
0536084: Hong Kong
0534830: Taiwan
0536083: Taiwan
0534833: Apac 1
0536085: Apac 1
0534834: Philippines
0534835: Australia
0534836: New Zeland
0534837: Indonesia
0536086: Philippines
0536087: Australia
0536088: New Zeland
0536089: Indonesia
0548298: India Apac 2
0548299: India Apac 2
0535053: Thailand
0536093: Thailand
0534839: Vietnam
0536091: Vietnam

Operator Specific codes
0548170 - Orange UK
0548020 - Movistar

cannot do software updates on nokia

2008-10-30T05:03:00.000-07:00

Branded phones and software updates

Why some people can update the firmware in their phones and not others

One comment you'll see frequently on the Nokia discussion forums is something like "Version x.y.z of the firmware for my phone has been released by Nokia. My phone only has version a.b.c in it and Nokia Software Updater is telling me that there are no updates for my phone. Why?"

Unfortunately, it's more complicated than at first sight because mobile phone manufacturers (including Nokia) have had to cave in to the whims of mobile network operators in order to maintain sales.

If you buy a phone direct from Nokia online or from a third party vendor without a contract (what we call "SIM-free") and therefore pay the full price for it, then you'll get the phone as it was originally designed by Nokia. This is sometimes referred to as a "vanilla" handset because it is plain and has had nothing done to it. On the other hand, if you get your handset at a reduced price, if not free, from a mobile network operator then you will have a "branded" handset.

So, what's the difference between a branded handset and a vanilla handset other than the purchase price?

On the outside there is little to no difference. Orange UK and France will have a small orange square logo printed on the fascia of phones they supply, the T-Mobile UK branded N95 simply has their stylised ··T··Mobile·· printed on the battery cover. On the inside, however, there's a world of difference.

Nokia allows mobile network operators to modify the firmware (software embedded in the phone that makes it work) that is programmed into branded handsets. The reasons for doing this are multiple but they all boil down to ways of protecting the operator's revenue streams, which is understandable in that the operator has just "given" the user a handset otherwise worth potentially hundreds of pounds. This also explains why operators sign you up for 12 or 18 months − they're not going to let you disappear after just handing over some pricey equipment to you!

Things that operators change in the firmware include:

* Aesthetic changes
Operators can't resist the temptation to keep their logo in your face as much as technically possible. They want you to think that you're using a "3", "Orange" or "Vodafone" handset rather than a Nokia, Samsung or Sony-Ericsson. So, they have the phone show their logo when it starts up and when you shut it down. As if that wasn't enough they also stick it on your screen as a wallpaper and create themes that reproduce their company graphics. They even set up ringtones that are immediately identifiable as being from the operator. There's no escaping them!
* Crippling the phone's capabilities
There are some functions of a vanilla phone that operators don't want you to use. The quintessential example of this was in April 2007 when Orange and Vodafone were caught crippling the N95, Nokia's then flagship handset, so that it could no longer be used as a VoIP phone. Why? Because you can use VoIP to place free calls over a wireless network connection, and the operators want you to use (and pay for) their GSM services.
* Locking out "foreign" handsets
Some operators will provide network services that require specific functions in the phone's embedded browser. They then enable their subscribers to use these network-specific facilities by adding the required special functions to their branded versions of the firmware. This is the case of "3" in the UK and Orange France − their mobile sites only work with phones supplied by the respective operators. The point of this is not to "enhance their own subscribers' experience" as they will tell you, it is to lock out users of competing phones so that you have to sign up with them (and get one of their handsets) if you want to use the services provided.

So, in short, while it may look the same as a vanilla handset, a branded handset is in fact a means for the operator to advertise to you and to those around you while restricting what you can do with it. How kind of them.

Given that branded firmware is something that is based on the original Nokia firmware and has subsequently been altered by the mobile network operator, users of phones that include the branded firmware (i.e. most users of phones supplied by the mobile network operator) have to wait for the operator to supply updates, even if the updates are ultimately distributed by Nokia through the Nokia Software Updater program. This means that updates only come out when your operator is good and ready to release them. The official language is that you get the update "as soon as the operator has approved it". Translated into English, this actually means "whenever the operator can be bothered to pull its finger out and modify the vanilla firmware". Bear in mind that this might never happen since operators don't really want you to update your existing phones, they want you to get new phones (and renew your contract, of course).

How does the Nokia Software Updater know whether your handset is a vanilla or branded handset?

Embedded in the memory of your phone is a piece of information called the "Product Code". You can also see it printed on the label inside the battery compartment of your phone. The Product Code identifies the model of the phone, the operator that supplied it or whether it's a vanilla handset, and the part of the world where it was sold. The Product Code is not something that the end user can change with the software provided by Nokia.

The Nokia Software Updater does, however, read the product code when you proceed with the update, and then asks Nokia's servers "what firmware and language packs go with this Product Code?". For example, as of writing this, if you have an N95 supplied by T-Mobile UK, its product code is 0546659. When NSU asks Nokia's servers what the latest firmware to go with that product code is, it gets the answer "14.0.001". However, if its product code is that of a vanilla N95 Plum sold in the EURO1 zone (0536062), the answer returned is "30.0.015". Same hardware, different results because of different product codes. You can see this in action by visiting the Nokia software update page.

When you see the announcement of a new firmware version on Nokia's site, this refers to the firmware that can be installed into vanilla handsets, not into branded handsets. If you want updated software for a branded handset you must pressure the mobile network operator that supplied the handset in the first place. Don't expect miracles. The public-facing personnel of mobile operators are able to answer basic questions to do with accessing voicemail or how to send a text message, but anything more closely-related to the technical specifications of the phones or the network infrastructure is beyond them and the scripting systems they use to guide the users through diagnostics. Most of the time they do not know when firmware updates are meant to be made available − that's if they know what firmware is in the first place.

Long story short, if your handset is branded then you're stuck with old software until your network operator decides to update it, if ever it does. Don't blame Nokia for this. They are not responsible for the cavalier attitude that some mobile network operators display towards their clients.

Writing a PhD proposal

2008-10-02T07:12:00.000-07:00

Writing a PhD proposal
Here are a number of hints that may help you prepare a proposal for a PhD. These apply even when you are building on one of our example topic areas, listed in the possible projects page. In fact, with these, it is often even more important that your unique contribution to these projects comes across clearly in the proposal.

Note: Proposals are not binding. They can (and must) change as the research progresses. They do, though, help us to work out:

(a) where your interests lie,
(b) who might be appropriate supervisors,
(c) how well you have thought out a small piece of research, and
(d) roughly the kind of project you intend to tackle, and how you intend to tackle it.

And that's really what the proposal is for.

1. Talk to us
We are allowed, and even encouraged, to help you prepare a proposal in advance. This allows you and potential supervisors to negotiate a common interest in the topic of your research. If you don't contact us in advance, you’ll be missing out on a valuable dialogue with potential supervisors.

When a studentship grant is available we will advertise it here. If you have your own source of funding, and research interests which are within the Computing research themes, feel free to contact the relevant project leader directly. You can also submit here a research topic and we will put you in touch with relevant staff; or contact the PhD Admissions Tutor, Dr Leonor Barroca.

2. Structure the proposal
Before actually writing the proposal, it's a good idea to do a bit of research on what other people have done, and to find a nice clear statement of a problem that you are interested in tackling.

We find that targeted proposals - ones with a clear statement of a particular problem and possible solution, or a clear system to build - tend to be much easier to write and to discuss than open research topics. It is important that a proposal doesn't seem at all vague. If the proposal seems to read confidently, that will help it to be successful.

3. Cover the "big four" issues
A good proposal covers four main issues. These look like answers to these four questions:
o What am I going to do in my research?
o Who else has done research like this, and what did they do?
o How am I going to do this research?
o Why will this research be important to the academic community?
A good proposal will have answers to all these questions, usually spending about half to two thirds of a page on each one.

4. Attend to the method
The other important part of a proposal is for us to get a clear idea of how you intend to pursue the proposed research. Questions that might be addressed in this section include:
What is the research question?
What evidence is required to address that question effectively?
What techniques can provide that evidence?
How might I validate any evidence I produce using these techniques?

5. Select proposal references carefully
An important part of the proposal, as we've just discussed, is the background against which you are proposing to work. A good way of representing this is to carefully choose some of the more important academic papers that discuss this, and properly refer to them in your proposal. You are allowed (and even encouraged) to be constructively critical of this work if you intend to build on it.

6.Finding a supervisor
Before you send an application formally through the Research School we encourage you to find the name of at least one person within the department that may be interested in supervising you and giving you feedback on your proposal. To find a supervisor submit your proposal here.

Sending a formal application to the Research School
Applications should comprise an application form, C.V. and a proposal outlining how you would tackle this project.

unabled to recognise cdrom acer TM6291

2008-09-23T04:28:00.000-07:00

Q. DRIVER NEEDED: ACER Slimtype DVD A DS8A1P ATA (Windows Vista)
RECEIVED 'CODE 39'...TRIED TO UN-INSTALL DRIVER FOR DVD AND REBOOT, BUT PROBLEM REMAINS....

CODE 39 MEANING MISSING OR CORRUPT DRIVER...OBVIOUSLY ITS NOT MISSING SO IT MUST BE CORRUPT....

WHAT DO I DO?

*NOT SURE OF INTERFACE TYPE

Support Information:
Device Type: CD / DVD
Manufacturer: ACER
Model: Slimtype DVD A DS8A1P ATA
Interface: Other
Operating System: Windows Vista
Age of Device: < 6 months old

A. Simple solution:

Situation
There is a yellow exclamation mark for CD/DVD drives in Device Manager. The device status in the properties of the driver might indicate an error code, for example 32, 37, or 39. Or the drive simply does not appear in My Computer or Device Manager.

Solution (it's been discussed over and over in this forum for the last 3-4 years but can be overlooked by not reading the forums)

To solve the issue, you have to edit the Windows Registry:
Click Start, then Run, type REGEDT32 and click OK.
Locate and then remove the following registry values:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlCl ***{4D36E965-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}LowerFilters

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlCl ***{4D36E965-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}UpperFilters

Close Registry Editor.
Reboot the system for the changes to take effect.

Note: Some programs are unable to detect the CD/DVD drive after these steps. To solve this, simply re-install the program in question, eg: usually your recording software. Also, in few instances the order in which the programs are (re-)installed can make a difference.

And here's another method that will do this automatically for you if you're afraid to edit the registry manually.

Code:

http://forums.driverguide.com/showthread.php?t=22131 (automatic fix, post #7, download file: CdGone.zip)

There is also a STICKY in the CD-DVD driver request forum that has instructions on how to do this fix along with a file from Microsoft that will perform the fix. Please read the STICKY for further instructions. This thread: http://forums.driverguide.com/showthread.php?t=30011

useful link

2008-08-01T11:26:00.000-07:00

http://kihwal.fayoly.net/600e/

http://home.pacbell.net/wmarcusm/deepsleep/

http://kihwal.fayoly.net/600e/upgrade.html

http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Category_talk:600E

http://www.wimsbios.com/phpBB2/topic4046-825.html

http://people.maths.ox.ac.uk/~challet/module/module.html

http://www.geocities.com/epark/linux/grub-w2k-HOWTO.html

600e upgrade continue

2008-07-31T03:51:00.000-07:00

> The topic of upgrading a TP600E/770X/Z has been intensively
> discussed in the forum,
> www.thinkpads.com
> Please take a look at this forum for more info. I will give you
> a summary of the ultimate TP600E configuration I can think of,
>
> The fastest CPU TP600E can take is PIII-850 running at
> 700MHz. Along with this upgrade, you may also want to
> change the fan assy to the one designed for TP600X.
>
> If you replace the CPU from PII to PIII, the FSB will be
> changed to 100MHz. So you should disable the onboard
> RAM because it is PC66 and too slow to work at 100MHz.
> Also, you will encounter 127 error on boot after putting
> PIII but there is a way of eliminating this error.
> For more info about how to disable the RAM, see
> http://www.wimsbios.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=4046
>
> You can put two sticks of 256MB SDRAM, meaning that
> the max memory is 256x2=512MB after disabling the
> onboard RAM.
>
> The TP600E bios is too old and does not enable the L2 cache.
> So if you plan on using Linux, you should take the following steps
> to take full advantage of the PIII.
> 1:Create a small DOS partition at the beginning of the HDD.
> (10MB is enough)
> 2:Install DOS(FreeDOS, DR-DOS or whatever)
> 3:Boot DOS first
> 4:Enable L2 cache using a DOS app called 'cache-enabler 1.20'
> (http://dennemoso.homeip.net/ is the distribution site of this app,
> but this site is dead for while. I can give it to you if you want.)
> 5:Load the Linux kernel using loadlin.
>
> If you are brave enough to do all these upgrades, your TP600E
> will be as fast as TP600X. Think about that.
>
> Shingo""

HOW TO enable L2 cache (continue)

2008-07-29T10:07:00.000-07:00

L2 cache is fore sure off immediately after booting, since 600E does not know how to enable L2 for P3. Hex editing the CMOS data just eliminates the annoying 127 error message.

BIOS workarounds

People have been doing it for some time and they have collected very useful information. You have to get in to the BIOS setup menu and then to the config submenu. There, you press [Ctrl][D] to enter the hex edit mode for direct adjustments of BIOS settings. When an error 127 occurs, select [test] then [exit] to reach the main menu.
To get rid of error 127, change the value at byte 0x20 to 0A.
To disable the internal RAM, change the value at byte 2B to 81.

Do "cat /proc/cpuinfo" to see whether the l2 cache is enabled. If it says cache size=256KB, you've got it right. Otherwise it will probably say 32KB, which is the size of L1 cache. This information is not updated after booting the kernel, so if wmarcusm's driver is used, you need to check with "x86info" (run as root).

Don't forget to put "tpad" command in the /boot/grub/grub.conf.

HOW TO use Dosemu

2008-07-27T13:43:00.001-07:00

[ref:url]
====================================================
The DOSEMU/FreeDos ready-to-use binary distribution.
====================================================

INSTALL
-------

An easy way to get DOSEMU working on your machine is to use
the ready-to-use DOSEMU binary distribution. This one comes in 2 packages
from www.dosemu.org:

- dosemu-freedos--bin.tgz

A tarball containing a collection of suitable FreeDos binaries,
eventually patched to fit DOSEMU needs, together with some GNU
tools you may find useful.

- dosemu--bin.tgz

A tarball containing the recent DOSEMU binaries together with a
user local configuration setup.

This installation fits into any user HOME directory and can be used
and installed without root permissions.
You have to unpack _both_ tarballs (as a normal user, NOT as root) into
the same directory (regardless what ever) within your HOME, such as:

$ mkdir mydos
$ cd mydos
$ tar -zxf dosemu-freedos-bin.tgz
$ tar -zxf dosemu--bin.tgz
$ cd dosemu

now look where you are and what was installed:

$ pwd
/home/joeuser/mydos/dosemu
$ ls
README.bindist bin dosemu xdosemu
Xfonts conf freedos

RUN
---

After you get the install right, you can execute DOSEMU with

$ cd ~mydos/dosemu # (your CWD _must_ be here)
$ ./dosemu

If you have never used DOSEMU before, DOSEMU will boot, and present
you with a welcome screen and a command prompt.

If for some reason it does not start, look at ~/.dosemu/boot.log for
details.

Remember, that you can't use -C _within_ DOS to exit _from_ DOS.
For this you need to execute 'exitemu' or, when using the 'DOS in a BOX'
.

Your DOS drives are set up as follows:
A: floppy drive (if it exists)
C: points to the Linux directory ~/.dosemu/drive_c. It contains the
files config.sys, autoexec.bat and a directory for temporary files.
It is available for general DOS use.
D: points to your Linux home directory
E: points to your CD-ROM drive, if it is mounted at /media/cdrom
Z: points to the read-only DOSEMU and FreeDOS commands directory
It actually points to ~/mydos/dosemu/drive_z; it appears read-only
inside DOSEMU.

Enter HELP for more information on DOS and DOSEMU commands.

Other useful keys are:
toggle fullscreen mode in X
grab the keyboard in X
grab the mouse in X
reboot
<^> use special keys on terminals (dosemu -t)

For DOS applications which only read/write from/to STDIN/STDOUT,
you may prefer to invoke DOSEMU such as

$ ./dosemu -dumb

this has the advantage that (A) the output of the DOS application stacks
up in your xterm scroll buffer and (B) you can redirect it to a file such as

$ ./dosemu -dumb dir > listing

Note that that editing is often restricted to BACKSPACE'ing.

SOURCES
-------

The sources of all the included binaries can be found in the
dosemu-freedos*sources.tgz tarball.

CONFIGURATION
-------------

Optional configuration is possible by editing the file conf/dosemurc
and copying it to ~/.dosemurc. Advanced configuration can be accomplished
using global.conf in combination with the -F option.

Note that, unlike the situation in installations from source, distributors,
and the RPM, /etc/dosemu.conf and /etc/dosemu/dosemu.conf are NOT used in
this setup, unless you make dosemu.bin suid-root, use sudo or replace
IGNORE_DOSEMU_CONF="-n" by IGNORE_DOSEMU_CONF="" in the dosemu script.
The file conf/dosemu.conf (as opposed to DOSEMU 1.0.2.x) is also ignored.

POLICIES
--------

All software herein can be distributed and used freely,
most is GPL, other not GPL licenses can be found in the
doc/* directories.

-- Hans
2001/06/10
-- Bart Oldeman
2004/01/11

HOW TO run .exe file on Linux?

2008-07-27T13:41:00.000-07:00

[ref:url]
If it is a windoWs binary you'll want Wine. If it is a dos binary then Dosemu is what you want. You'll need a working windows environment to get certain dll files as necessary for Wine or a copy of dos for Dosemu.

HOW TO Linux Copy all the files including subdirectories from DVD / Floppy / CD / Other directory (recursive copy)

2008-07-27T11:09:00.000-07:00

[ref:url]
Q. How do I copy all the file including subdirectories from DVD disk mounted at /mnt/dvd to /home/tom at a shell prompt under CentOS Linux?

A. You need to use cp command to copy SOURCE to DESTINATION or multiple SOURCE(s) to a DIRECTORY. Gnu cp command has -a option which copy directories recursively while preserving the file attributes such as mode,ownership,timestamps and security contexts, if possible additional attributes such as links et all.

cp command syntax Use the following syntax:
cp -a {/path/to/source} {/path/to/destination} For example copy all files including subdirectories from /mnt/dvd/data to /home/tom/data, enter:
$ cp -a /mnt/dvd/data/* /home/tom/data

OR
$ cp -av /mnt/dvd/data/* /home/tom/data

Recursively copy entire directories
Many other command (including cp) support -r or -R option for copying file recursively. For example scp secure network copy command:
$ scp -r *.cpp remote_user@server.nixcraft.in:~
OR use cp command locally (instead of -a option):
$ cp -r *.cpp /path/to/dest

HOW TO Linux - Mount Floppy

2008-07-26T20:34:00.000-07:00

[ref:url]
Basic Use of Floppy Disk in Linux

The first step in being able to use a floppy drive on Linux is to know where to find it in the file system. Mine is in /dev/fd0 (that's floppy drive zero in the device directory) and the following instructions will be written using that path. If your path is different, substitute accordingly.

Let's check to see where your floppy drive is:

Find your file system table (fstab), usually in /etc/fstab.

find / -type f -name fstab

And see what it says:

cat /path_to_fstab/fstab

Mine said:

/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto noauto, owner, kudzu 0 0

That translates to:

floppy device location:/dev/fd0 mounted read/write location for the file system: /mnt/floppy file system typeauto mount optionsnoauto, owner, kudzu file system dump frequency0 file system check frequency0
We are only going to concern ourselves with the first three fields. The first field maps the location of the floppy device. To format a floppy disk for use in Linux (this will also delete everything on the disk), use the command (substitute your floppy device path):

mkfs -t ext3 /dev/fd0 1440

Now we have a blank disk we can use and need to figure out how to read and write to it.

We need to check our second field, the read/write location (/mnt/floppy in my case) to see if a mount point has already been set up for our floppy. Look in the path to the floppy directory:

ls -l /mnt

If "floppy" is not listed as a directory, we need to create it:

mkdir floppy

Then map the floppy device to the file system read/write area (need to be root to do this and the command will not work unless there is a disk in the floppy drive.):

mount /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy

Now let's look again:

ls -l /mnt

We see the floppy directory and the permissions associated with it. These permissions can be changed in the standard ways. Let's look and see what's in the floppy

ls /mnt/floppy

We should see either nothing or just lost+found because we just formatted it.

Mounting Elsewhere
You aren't limited to using the default read/write directory (in my case /mnt/floppy) for mounting the floppy. All you need to do to set up a new place for the floppy to mount is to create an empty directory and then mount the floppy there. Here's an example of that:

mkdir /home/username/mnt
mkdir /home/username/mnt/floppy
mount /dev/fd0 /home/username/mnt/floppy

Make sure you set the appropriate permissions to your read/write directory (and its parent directory).

The umount command (to unmount, explained below) must point to the same directory from which the floppy is being read:

umount /home/username/mnt/floppy

Similarly, if you are not using /mnt/floppy as your read/write directory, you need to substitute your read/write directory path everywhere /mnt/floppy appears on this page.

Copy something into the floppy:

cp somefile /mnt/floppy

When I look into the floppy:

ls /mnt/floppy

I can see my file there, and I can read it.

cat /mnt/floppy/somefile

So far so good, but what happens when you eject that floppy disk and slip another into the floppy drive?

ls /mnt/floppy

Problem: your original files are still showing! Oh, if every OS handled floppy mounting and unmounting as smoothly as Macintosh does.... Fortunately, Linux is not too much more difficult.

Rule
Everytime you switch floppy disks, you will need to unmount your previous files and mount the file system from your new floppy. The umount command is used for unmounting. In addition to unmounting, the umount command also "flushes the buffers" so that whatever you wrote to your floppy really does get written there.

Important
Unmounting the floppy will also happen automatically (with your kill-scripts) at shutdown. If your buffers haven't flushed properly, and you have unmounted your disk by shutting down your computer (with a kill script), it is possible to lose the copy of the data that you thought you had moved or copied to your floppy.

umount /mnt/floppy

And now to mount your new floppy:

mount /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy
ls /mnt/floppy

What if your floppy was originally formatted on a Windows computer and contains files from Windows on it? If your third column in /path_to_fstab/fstab, that is, your file system type is: auto, it shouldn't matter. The auto means you will be able to read whatever file system type is on your floppy. You should be able to view plain text from Windows just as if it had been written on Linux. You might need to run dos2unix on your text files to remove the extra carriage return character used by DOS. However, if your file system type listed ext2, or if you are having difficulty reading text files from Windows, try this as your mount command:

mount -t vfat /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy

HOW TO Creating a Linux Boot Disk

2008-07-24T08:47:00.000-07:00

Create Your Emergency Linux Boot Disk

[ref:url]

1. Believe it or not you're going to need a floppy disk to do this so please make sure you have one handy!

2. Load up Linux and make sure you are logged in as root or have enough privileges to run system commands.

3. Check which Kernel you are running by typing exactly this at the command prompt: ls /lib/modules
This should give you a directory item with the exact kernel such as: 2.4.2-2

4. Now insert your floppy diskette into the A: or floppy drive. In Linux the a: drive is also known as fd0 (that's with zero not an 'o')

5. At the prompt please type: mkbootdisk --device /dev/fd0 x.x.x-x
(please replace the x.x.x-x with the kernel info you got from the step 3 above)

6. You should have an emergency boot disk within about 1 minute. All previous data on the floppy will obviously be erased.

7. Now you may use this floppy to boot in emergency situations! Enjoy!!!

What if the mkbootdisk utility isnt available?
On some versions of Linux you can instead create a boot disk by typing this command at the Linux prompt:
dd if=/mnt/cdrom/images/cdrom.img of=/dev/fd0

Be sure that you have put your Linux CD into the CD-ROM drive and a floppy diskette into the floppy drive, and that both of these have been properly mounted. Then run the command!

HOW TO disable or enable L2 cache

2008-07-23T13:17:00.001-07:00

[ref:ur]
I recently got a 600E from eBay and want to upgrade the cpu to a P3. I've read the upgrade sticky thread and I've read Katch's website detailing the upgrade. I found a deal on eBay for a P3 500mhz MMC2 cpu ($14 shipped!).

So, if I'm reading correctly, all I have to do is install the cpu, change the byte to disable L2 cache (and possibly the onboard memory) with the BIOS hex editor, then re-enable L2 cache with Powerleap. Is it really that simple?

Does anyone have a good link to the Powerleap program? The link in the other thread goes to a Chinese site and I can't tell what to download. Is there any other program that can be used instead of Powerleap?

answer:
Yep,thats all... I just upgraded a 600x I had to a 600mhz..So I took the 500 from the x and put it in a 600e...Disable the L2 and the onboard 32 RAM...Load powerleap and you're done...

http://www.powerleap.ca/Products/CPU%20Control%20Panel.htm

HOW TO upgrade 600e

2008-07-23T12:57:00.000-07:00

[ref:url]
I have a 600E which is PII 400mhz. I recently purchased a PIII 650 off ebay to make the switch. Here is what I did.

1) Swap out the processor.
2) Disabled L2 Cache
3) Installed Power Leap to enable L2 on restart.

Voila! The 600E runs the PIII 650 at 500mhz, totally stable.

I investigated the whole issue on these forums and over at wimsbios and from what I can conclude, there are no stock 600E thinkpads that are "speedstep" enabled. From the sound of it, the 600X may or may not be speedstep enabled, depending on the revision of the motherboard.

http://www.wimsbios.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=6483&start=0&postdays=0&postorder=asc&highlight=

So being the speed freak that I am, I decided to try and modify my CPU to always run at the higher speed.

4) I performed the speedstep tweak to the CPU board.
5) Upon reboot the computer still only runs at 500 mhz stable.

I read some more on wimsbios and a user there "wmarcusm" wrote a program to force the speedstep on a 600E. I figure sure, I'll give it a try since I already modified the hardware.

6) I went to http://home.pacbell.net/wmarcusm/deepsleep/ and installed version 1.4 of the deepsleep utility. When I run the utility it bumps my CPU from 500-->600. This was checked using CPUZ. Now I figure either I was robbed on ebay and the PIII is actually a 600, OR something else is limiting the full blown 650 from running. I am still using the onboard RAM and PC66 in the laptop, so there is a good reason to believe that the board or bios is somehow limiting the speed to maintain the stability.

It runs hotter than normal under full load, but still stable as hell on PC66 RAM. Why the long post you ask? I just wanted to point out that under the DeepSleep utility which is all software, it forces the speedstep on a 600E as long as the CPU has been modified per Katch's directions on his TP mod site. The program is just brilliant!

Here is my mod on my CPU, *****Expletives removed by Moderator***** those are hard to solder!

http://img96.imageshack.us/img96/1607/dscn12168ao.th.jpg

I forgot to mention that the CPU mod is not for the squeamish! It was quite challenging, however even if it didn't work, the CPU still seemed to work okay at the lower speed. I was not able to "test" my mod until after running the deepsleep utility.

IBM Thinkpad 600E bios mod for processor update

2008-07-18T10:43:00.000-07:00

[ref:url]
My Thinkpad 600E (type 2645-4A0) originally comes with Intel PentiumII 366 MHz processor (MMC-2/Dixon core). I plan to change it to PentiumIII 450 - processor, which is known to run ok on 600E, but will generate error 127 (Cache error) in bios post phase. Anyway with a couple of clicks the bios starts to boot operating system.

Official support for PentiumIII comes in Thinkpad 600X series.

My question is how to open the IBM bios binary file for 600E and 600X and compare them?

Finnally I got rid of annoying 127 error in bios post. The trick was to edit CMOS byte 20 to value 0A (Originally 02). It seems that bit 5 controls L1 cache and bit 4 controls L2 cache.

Continuing to find the bit that controls CAS2/CAS3 setting...

IBM ThinkPad 600E laptop UPGRADES

2008-07-18T10:11:00.000-07:00

url
Actually, a 600E CAN be upgraded, but it's not necessarily painless.

Start here:

http://forum.thinkpads.com/index.php

Go here and read this:

http://www.wimsbios.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=4046&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=0

do a search on Google as thus

"thinkpad", 600e, "cpu upgrade"

and thus:

"thinkpad", 600e, "mmc2"

and...

"thinkpad", 600e, "mmc-2"

You are going to find it CAN be upgraded some, that there are some tricks, some downfalls, and some pitfalls.

I THINK the best you'll do, without a lot of tweaking and trouble, is 500mhz or so, and maybe 700 or a little better.

You have a LOT of reading to do with what I gave you.

Peer-to-peer

2008-06-01T18:33:00.000-07:00

[wiki]

A peer to peer (or "P2P") computer network uses diverse connectivity between participants in a network and the cumulative bandwidth of network participants rather than conventional centralized resources where a relatively low number of servers provide the core value to a service or application. P2P networks are typically used for connecting nodes via largely ad hoc connections. Such networks are useful for many purposes. Sharing content files (see file sharing) containing audio, video, data or anything in digital format is very common, and realtime data, such as telephony traffic, is also passed using P2P technology.

A pure P2P network does not have the notion of clients or servers, but only equal peer nodes that simultaneously function as both "clients" and "servers" to the other nodes on the network. This model of network arrangement differs from the client-server model where communication is usually to and from a central server. A typical example of a file transfer that is not P2P is an FTP server where the client and server programs are quite distinct, the clients initiate the download/uploads, and the servers react to and satisfy these requests.

The earliest P2P network in widespread use was the Usenet news server system, in which peers communicated with one another to propagate Usenet news articles over the entire Usenet network. Particularly in the earlier days of Usenet, UUCP was used to extend even beyond the Internet. However, the news server system also acted in a client-server form when individual users accessed a local news server to read and post articles. The same consideration applies to SMTP email in the sense that the core email relaying network of Mail transfer agents is a P2P network while the periphery of Mail user agents and their direct connections is client server.

Some networks and channels such as Napster, OpenNAP and IRC server channels use a client-server structure for some tasks (e.g. searching) and a P2P structure for others. Networks such as Gnutella or Freenet use a P2P structure for all purposes, and are sometimes referred to as true P2P networks, although Gnutella is greatly facilitated by directory servers that inform peers of the network addresses of other peers.

P2P architecture embodies one of the key technical concepts of the Internet, described in the first Internet Request for Comments, RFC 1, "Host Software" dated 7 April 1969. More recently, the concept has achieved recognition in the general public in the context of the absence of central indexing servers in architectures used for exchanging multimedia files.

The concept of P2P is increasingly evolving to an expanded usage as the relational dynamic active in distributed networks, i.e. not just computer to computer, but human to human. Yochai Benkler has coined the term "commons-based peer production" to denote collaborative projects such as free software. Associated with peer production are the concept of peer governance (referring to the manner in which peer production projects are managed) and peer property (referring to the new type of licenses which recognize individual authorship but not exclusive property rights, such as the GNU General Public License and the Creative Commons licenses).

A peer-to-peer based network.

A server based network (not peer-to-peer).

Backup battery removal - ThinkPad 600, 600E, 600X

2008-05-24T17:45:00.000-07:00

[ref:url]

Symptom
Detailed information on removing CMOS Battery FRU 02K6502.

Possible 600 post errors that indicate CMOS (real time clock RTC) battery should be replaced
0161 Dead Battery
0173 Configuration Data was Lost
0192 Fan Error

Affected configurations
All TP 600, 600E, 600X Systems (2645XXX)

Solution
Remove and replace the CMOS battery.

Caution
The backup battery is a lithium battery and can cause a fire, an explosion, or severe burns. Do not recharge it, remove its polarized connector, disassemble it, heat it above 100°C (212°F), incinerate it, or expose its cell contents to water. Dispose of the battery as required by local ordinances or regulations. Use of an incorrect battery can result in ignition or explosion of the battery.

Loosen screw 1.
Lift DIMM door off.
Gently pry battery connector loose with a screw driver.
Remove battery.

Subject: error 00173, 00163,on thinkpad

2008-05-24T17:26:00.000-07:00

The 163 and 173 refer to the cmos battery. You will need to replace it. Then enter the configuration utility and set the date and time.

Homemade Bubble Recipes

2008-05-23T07:59:00.000-07:00

[ref:url]
When the weather is warm, these bubbles are great for outdoor fun. But don't let the weather stop you — these bubbles can be used indoors as well.

Just keep in mind that bubbles can make hard surfaces slippery very quickly and using food coloring in bubbles might stain some household surfaces.

In addition, while babies love bubble play, be careful around your baby's eyes. You can try substituting the soap in these recipes with a baby shampoo or baby wash for tear-free bubbles.

1 Cup Water

2 Tablespoons Light Karo syrup or 2 Tablespoons Glycerin
4 Tablespoons Dishwashing liquid

Mix together and have fun!

Colored Bubbles

1 Cup Granulated Soap or Soap Powder
1 Quart Warm Water
Liquid Food Coloring
Plastic Straws
Small Juice Cans

Dissolve soap in warm water. Stir in food coloring until desired color is attained. Give each child a can about 1/3 full of mix and a plastic straw to blow the bubbles.

Fancy Bubbles

1 Cup Water
2 Tablespoon Liquid Detergent
1 Tablespoon Glycerine
1 Teaspoon Sugar

Mix all ingredients together until sugar dissolves. Enjoy!

For even more fun outdoors, older toddlers and preschoolers will enjoy making and using this bubble wand.

What's LaTex

2008-05-22T12:42:00.000-07:00

LaTeX – A document preparation system

[ref:url]

LaTeX is a document preparation system for high-quality typesetting. It is most often used for medium-to-large technical or scientific documents but it can be used for almost any form of publishing.

LaTeX is not a word processor! Instead, LaTeX encourages authors not to worry too much about the appearance of their documents but to concentrate on getting the right content. For example, consider this document:

Cartesian closed categories and the price of eggs
Jane Doe
September 1994

Hello world!

To produce this in most typesetting or word-processing systems, the author would have to decide what layout to use, so would select (say) 18pt Times Roman for the title, 12pt Times Italic for the name, and so on. This has two results: authors wasting their time with designs; and a lot of badly designed documents!

LaTeX is based on the idea that it is better to leave document design to document designers, and to let authors get on with writing documents. So, in LaTeX you would input this document as:

\documentclass{article}
\title{Cartesian closed categories and the price of eggs}
\author{Jane Doe}
\date{September 1994}
\begin{document}
  \maketitle
  Hello world!
\end{document}

Or, in English:

This document is an article.
Its title is Cartesian closed categories and the price of eggs.
Its author is Jane Doe.
It was written in September 1994.
The document consists of a title followed by the text Hello world!

LaTeX contains features for:

Typesetting journal articles, technical reports, books, and slide presentations.
Control over large documents containing sectioning, cross-references, tables and figures.
Typesetting of complex mathematical formulas.
Advanced typesetting of mathematics with AMS-LaTeX.
Automatic generation of bibliographies and indexes.
Multi-lingual typesetting.
Inclusion of artwork, and process or spot colour.
Using PostScript or Metafont fonts.

LaTeX is based on Donald E. Knuth's TeX typesetting language or certain extensions. LaTeX was first developed in 1985 by Leslie Lamport, and is now being maintained and developed by the LaTeX3 Project. LaTeX is available for free by anonymous ftp.

The best source for news on TeX and LaTeX is the TeX Users Group.

A lot of documentation, and references to even more material, can be found in this documentation section.

And in case you were wondering, «LaTeX» is pronounced «Lah-tech» or «Lay-tech», to rhyme with «blech» or «Bertolt Brecht» (almost).

Wireless USB adapters VS. wireless PCI adapters

2008-05-20T06:27:00.000-07:00

[ref:http]
I'm thinking about getting a wireless card for my backup computer, and I'm not sure what to go with. I'm tempted to try the Hawking wireless USB adapter with the external antenna.

But I've heard rumors that USB adapter don't have nearly the power or range of a PCI card, and I really want to know whats better before I buy.

1. I got both and my experience with both types are...USB types are of course can be easily remove and transfer from one computer to another but thats about it. If you intend to do use it permanently then PCI is the better option. Signal is definitely stronger on the PCI card.

2. I have an Actiontec USB adaptor on my desktop and it works without issues.

The problem with the adapters that plug into the motherboard is the antenna is blocked by the computer case. You might need to connect an external antenna to it to get a good transmission path to the Wi-Fi access point.

Consumer grade Wi-Fi is really not designed for long range applications, maybe to be reliable within 50 - 100 feet range depending on line of sight, so don't expect miracles with either adapter type.

3. USB adapters give more flexablity and freedom to move if want to get better signal. It also can be ubplugged at any time to use with another computer. The PCI ones are sticky and can't be moved easily.

wireless router capable of being an access point client

2008-05-20T06:23:00.000-07:00

[ref:http]

Are there any wireless router models out there can be both a wireless
access point client on the NAT's WAN side, and also have its own access
point?

No. The wireless access point section is always connected to the LAN
side of the router.

I'm looking for this as an alternative to a wireless bridge connected
to a wireless router, since wireless bridges tend to be proprietary
(only work with their own kind).

There are some wireless devices that have two radios inside a single
package. They're fairly specialized and used mostly for mesh
networks. One radio would be used for the the backhaul to the ISP by
bridging, while the other radio would act as an access point for
clients. However, I would advise against trying to do this in a
single box. The two radios will need to be on seperate channels and
with everything in one box, there just isn't enough isolation to
prevent mutual interference.

There are several ways to do what I guess you wanna do:

1. Conventional wireless router connected to wireless client bridge.
The bridge need only bridge one MAC address so any "game adapter" will
work. The other end of the link is a wireless access point or
wireless router. The problem with this method is that you might end
up with double NAT if you have two routers.

2. Conventional wireless access point conntected to wireless client
bridge. This one needs to be a wireless client bridge that can bridge
more than one MAC address (due to lack of an NAT router in the
system). Something like a WRT54G with DD-WRT firmware in client mode
will work. The other end of the link is a conventional wireless
router with NAT.

3. Conventional wireless access point connected to a wireless
transparent bridge. The other end of the link is an identical
wireless transparent bridge. A pair of WAP54G radios in bridge mode
will work. If there is a router, it should be at the far end of the
link.

4. WDS bridge. A WDS bridge can simultaneously act as an access
point and a transparent bridge in a single box. The other end of the
link is an identical WDS bridge radio. A pair of WRT54G wireless
routers with DD-WRT firmware should work. If there is a router, it
will be at the far end of the link. This is nice because it only uses
one radio. The down side is that the maximum speed of wireless to
wireless traffic through a WDS bridge is reduced by 50%. This is not
a problem if you're sharing a broadband connection, but can be a
problem with higher speed LANs.

There are other combinations and mutations of the aformentioned that
will also work, depending on your budget and creativity.